Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin that’s crucial for many vital metabolic and hormonal functions — including the production of digestive enzymes and carrying important nutrients into and out of cells. Due to how it helps convert and synthesize many other compounds within the body, it’s needed for well over 100 daily functions. Some of the roles that are attributed to vitamin B12 include: red blood cell production, DNA/RNA synthesis, methylation and producing the coating of the nerves.

B complex is generally used in Phase I Liver detoxification (cytochrome P450 Enzymes). Typically B vitamins should be given in combination as they work synergistically.

The liver plays several roles in detoxification: it filters the blood to remove large toxins, synthesizes and secretes bile full of cholesterol and other fat-soluble toxins, and enzymatically disassembles unwanted chemicals. This enzymatic process usually occurs in two steps referred to as phase I and phase II. Phase I either directly neutralizes a toxin, or modifies the toxic chemical to form activated intermediates which are then neutralized by one of more of the several phase II enzyme systems.

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is a well-known water-soluble vitamin required by the human body to carry normal biologic reactions. Our bodies get thiamine from two different sources with the majority coming from our diet and the remaining from normal flora found in our large intestines. The problem with thiamine is our ability to become deficient fairly quick compared to other vitamins. This is in part why thiamine is added to some foods and reported on many food labels.

The reason we are at risk of becoming deficient in thiamine quicker than some other vitamins has to do with the way our bodies handle thiamine once it is absorbed. Upon absorption into the body, thiamine is used to form thiamine pyrophosphate, which as noted in the table provided is an essential co-factor used by several cellular enzymes. The pyrophosphate portion is important since this group on the thiamine is used to bind to magnesium and then further bind to amino acid side chains on the cellular enzyme. This allows the thiamine pyrophosphate to function as a co-factor to that enzyme so that it can facilitate the forward movement of its assigned biochemical reaction. Unfortunately, thiamine pyrophosphate binding to the enzyme is relatively weak and thus results in a high turnover of thiamine by the body. Therefore, a patient who consumes a thiamine deficient diet or has impaired absorption of thiamine from the intestines can easily become deficient.

Thiamine is one of the first B vitamins to be used in detoxification of liver diseases (hepatitis, cirrhosis, fatty liver), especially in alcoholics.

Riboflavin is another name for Vitamin B2 and it is one of the most essential vitamins for maintaining good health and strong metabolism and stabilizing normal growth rates. Vitamin B2 is easily absorbed into the cells and is vital to helping break down fats, proteins and carbohydrates so that your body can convert them into energy. It also helps bolster the immune system which is why it is included in many detox products.

If you are suffering from anxiety or stress, then you should include vitamin B2 into your daily regimen. It helps reduce stress by aiding in the production of red blood cells which are vital to a healthy central nervous system. If you have any numbness or tingling feelings in your extremities, then vitamin B2 can help reduce the numbness. If you have a deficiency in vitamin B2 in your diet, then this can affect your immune system and also create a hypersensitivity to light which can make your eyes itch and burn.

Niacin or nicotinic acid is an antilipemic agent used to treat dyslipidemia. Its role as a second-line therapy in the treatment of dyslipidemia was established by niacin's ability to significantly raise high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), as well as lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein A, and triglycerides.

Niacin cannot be directly converted to nicotinamide, but both compounds are precursors of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) in vivo. NAD converts to NADP by phosphorylation in the presence of the enzyme NAD+ kinase. NADP and NAD are coenzymes for many dehydrogenases, participating in many hydrogen transfer processes.[4] NAD is important in catabolism of fat, carbohydrate, protein, and alcohol, as well as cell signaling and DNA repair, and NADP mostly in anabolism reactions such as fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. High energy requirements (brain) or high turnover rate (gut, skin) organs are usually the most susceptible to their deficiency.

The liver can synthesize niacin from the essential amino acid tryptophan, requiring 60 mg of tryptophan to make one mg of niacin. Riboflavin, vitamin B6 and iron are required in some of the reactions involved in the conversion of tryptophan to NAD.

Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin. Pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient. Animals require pantothenic acid to synthesize coenzyme-A (CoA), as well as to synthesize and metabolize proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. The anion is called pantothenate.

Coenzyme A reacts with acyl groups, giving rise to thioester derivatives, such as acetyl-CoA, succinyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA. Coenzyme A and its acyl derivatives are required for reactions that generate energy from the degradation of dietary fat, carbohydrates, and proteins. In addition, coenzyme A in the form of acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA is involved in the citric acid cycle, in the synthesis of essential fats, cholesterol, steroid hormones, vitamins A and D, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and in the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway. Coenzyme A derivatives are also required for the synthesis of the hormone, melatonin, and for a component of hemoglobin called heme. Furthermore, metabolism of a number of drugs and toxins by the liver requires coenzyme A

B6 (Pyridoxial 5’-phospate)
Vitamin B6 and its derivative pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) are essential to over 100 enzymes mostly involved in protein metabolism. High levels of circulating homocysteine are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that supplementation with B vitamins, including vitamin B6, could effectively reduce homocysteine levels. However, homocysteine lowering by B vitamins has failed to lower the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk individuals. Growing evidence from experimental and clinical studies suggests that systemic inflammation underlying most chronic diseases may impair vitamin B6 metabolism

B6 help synthesize B3 - Deficiency in another B vitamin, niacin, is easily prevented by adequate dietary intakes. The dietary requirement for niacin and the niacin coenzyme, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), can be also met, though to a fairly limited extent, by the catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan in the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway. Vitamin B6 restriction impairs NAD synthesis from tryptophan, adequate PLP levels help maintain NAD formation from tryptophan. The effect of vitamin B6 inadequacy on immune activation and inflammation may be partly related to the role of PLP in the tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism

Taurineis a type of amino acid found in many foods and often added to energy drinks.Many people take taurine as a supplement, and some researchers refer to it as a"wonder molecule."

Taurinehas been shown to have several health benefits, such as a lower risk of diseaseand improved sports performance. It is also very safe and has no known sideeffects when taken in reasonable doses.